味觉的生理学研究进展

味觉的生理学研究进展陈建国（江苏省启东肝癌研究所,启东２２６２００）沈福民（上海医科大学遗传医学研究中心,上海２０００３２）目录一、味觉的生理学基础（一）味蕾的刺激活动（二）味觉阈值分类二、尝味及味感觉机理（一）尝味试验的味扰作用（二）味感觉及舌图三...     

Fate of explosives and their metabolites in bioslurry treatment processes

Microcosm tests simulating bioslurry reactors with 40% soilcontent, containing high concentrations of TNT and/or RDX,and spiked with either [¹⁴C]-TNT or[¹⁴C]-RDX were conducted to investigate the fate ofexplosives and their metabolites in bioslurry treatment processes.RDX is recalcitrant to indigenous microorganisms in soil andactivated sludge under aerobic conditions. However, soilindigenous microorganisms alonewere able to mineralize 15% of RDX to CO₂ underanaerobic condition, and supplementation of municipal anaerobicsludge as an exogenous source of microorganismssignificantly enhanced the RDX mineralization to 60%. RDXmineralizing activity of microorganisms in soil and sludge wassignificantly inhibited by the presence of TNT. TNTmineralization was poor (< 2%) and was not markedlyimproved by the supplement ofaerobic or anaerobic sludge. Partitioning studies of[¹⁴C]-TNT in the microcosmsrevealed that the removal of TNTduring the bioslurry process was due mainly to thetransformation of TNT and irreversiblebinding of TNT metabolites onto soil matrix. In the case ofRDX under anaerobic conditions,a significant portion (35%) of original radioactivity wasalso incorporated into the biomass andbound to the soil matrix.     

Four Ubiquitously Expressed Genes,RD(D6S45)–SKI2W(SKIV2L)–DOM3Z–RP1(D6S60E), Are Present between Complement Component Genes FactorBandC4in the Class III Region of the HLA

The association of the HLA class III region with many diseases motivates the investigation of unidentified genes in the 30-kb segment between complement component genesBfandC4. RD,which codes for a putative RNA binding protein, is 205 bp downstream ofBf. SKI2W(HGMW-approved symbol SKIV2L), a DEVH-box gene probably involved in RNA turnover, is 171 bp downstream ofRD(HGMW-approved symbol D6S45).RP1(HGMW-approved symbol D6S60E) is located 611 bp upstream ofC4.The DNA sequence between humanRDandRP1was determined and the exon–intron structure ofSKI2Welucidated.SKI2Wconsists of 28 exons. The putative RNA helicase domain of Ski2w is encoded by 9 exons. Further analysis of the 2.5-kb intergenic sequence betweenSKI2WandRP1led to the discovery ofDOM3Z.The full-length cDNA sequence ofDOM3Zencodes 396 amino acids with a leucine zipper motif. Dom3z-related proteins are present in simple and complex eukaryotes. InCaenorhabditis elegans,Dom3z-related protein could be involved in the development of germ cells. HumanRD–SKI2WandDOM3Z–RP1are arranged as two head-to-head oriented gene pairs with unmethylated CpG sequences at the common 5′ regulatory region of each gene pair. The ubiquitous expression pattern suggests that these four genes are probably housekeeping genes.     

用SDS．NaClO从重组大肠杆菌中分离聚-β-羟基丁酸酯

聚β羟基丁酸酯（ＰＨＢ）是微生物合成的一种以颗粒状态存在于细胞中的高分子聚合物,由于它具有生物可降解性、生物相容性等特性,在医学上具有独特而广阔的应用前景。从微生物细胞中分离ＰＨＢ的方法有溶剂萃取法［１］、化学试剂法［２４］和酶法［５］。目前工...     

含par位点的重组质粒Psjm3的构建及其稳定性研究

利用自然质粒pSC101par位点的分离稳定性功能,构建了含par位点的质粒pSJM4和pSJM3,通过在同样宿主E.coli HB101中的稳定性比较研究表明,不含par位点的重组质粒pSJ3很不稳定,E.coli G3(pSJ3)在培养到第10代时已开始出现pSJ3的丢失,到培养至50代时则已全部丢失;而含par位点的重组质粒pSJM3则表现得十分稳定,E.coli G3-1(pSJM3)经70代培养,仍无明显的质粒丢失现象,其稳定率保持97%以上。通过对不含par和含par的非重组质粒pUC18和pSJM4的稳定性比较也获得同样的结果。通过对E.coliG3(pSJ3)和E.coli G3-1(pSJM3)的产酶活性比较研究表明,G3-1菌株明显高于G3菌株,说明我们构建的重组质粒pSJM3上的par位点功能不仅没有因外源基因的表达而受影响,而且有利于外源基因的表达。     

脑型一氧化氮合成酶的钙调蛋白结合区的表达及活性鉴定

用PCR法克隆出nNOS的CaM结合区基因(nNOS 2455～2988bp),并在大肠杆菌中进行了高效表达。经金属离子螯合亲和层析得到纯度为90％以上的重组蛋白．分子量为22kDa,CaM Oveday assay证实该蛋白具有CaM的结合活性。由于所表达的重组蛋白既具有序列特异性又具有CaM的结合活性．因此。可将它作为筛选nNOS特异性抑制肽的靶蛋白,亦可用于特异性抗体的制备。     

鱼腥藻提取液对水稻生长发育和产量的促进作用

以田间小区试验和大区产量直接对比的方法研究了鱼腥藻提取认对水稻幼苗生长和产量以及产量构成要素的影响,并探讨了方便有效且适宜于大田使用的方法。用藻液处理后水稻幼苗增高,根数、根长增加,分蘖能力增强,秧龄提前,叶面积明显加大。水稻成熟后除株高比对照略有下降外,各项产量构成要素如粒数、粒重、有效分蘖数、植株干重、千粒重、穗长等都优于对照组,但增产幅度随水稻品种和处理方式不同而异。大田使用时以１％鱼腥藻提     

疼痛患者脊髓脑脊液中强啡肽含量的分析

本文观察了疼痛患者脊髓脑脊液中强啡肽含量的变化。共收集３１例急性疼痛患者和１４例慢性疼痛患者的脊髓脑脊液,测定其中的强啡肽含量,与２７例无痛患者的结果进行比较,并结合被测者的性别、年龄、体重、血压、脉搏、体温等一般情况进行分析。结果表明,慢性痛患者脑脊液中强啡肽含量显著升高,而急性痛患者则略有降低。判别分析表明,急性痛患者的强啡肽含量及其他临床资料有明显的特点（判别准确率８２％）;慢性痛患者未见明显特征。作者认为,在更广泛地收集临床资料和检验结果的基础上,进一步研究不同病因的疼痛患者的临床特征,可能有助于对疼痛疾病进行鉴别诊断     

一株产丙烯腈水合酶菌株的研究

从山东省泰山地区土壤中分离到一株能产生丙烯腈水合酶的微生物菌株８６－１６３,经分类学特征鉴定可归属于诺卡氏菌属,其培养特征、生理生化特征及产酶活性等方面与已报导的诺卡氏菌有差别,暂定名为Ｎｏｃａｒｄｉａｓｐ．８６－１６３。